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One of the tasks of Pawns is to offer an advantage in the potential
exchange. Being the lowest of rank, trading one(or more) of these for a
power piece can offer a significant advantage in the game.

Thus this is usually a weak and numerous piece. An army for the player.

Its promotion also can offer a significant material advantage, creating a
focus of contention while in play.

At what point can a Pawn no longer be considered such. Does freedom of
movement negate this title? Does movement beyond a single step?

I would advocate that the least powerful(and most numerous) piece of any
game might be designated a Pawn, regardless of its particular powers and
movement.